IELTS Writing Task 2: the five essay types and how to structure them
Most Task 2 questions are one of five types: opinion, discussion, advantages and disadvantages, problem and solution, or a two-part question. Spotting the type tells you what your paragraphs must do; answering a different question is the quickest way to lose Task Response marks.
Spot the type from the instruction
| Instruction says | Type | Your job |
|---|---|---|
| To what extent do you agree or disagree? | Opinion | Give a clear position and keep it all the way through |
| Discuss both views and give your own opinion. | Discussion | Explain both sides, then say which you prefer |
| Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? | Advantages and disadvantages | Weigh both and say which is stronger |
| What are the causes / problems? What solutions can you suggest? | Problem and solution | One paragraph for each part of the question |
| Two direct questions (Why is this happening? Is it positive?) | Two-part | Answer both questions, one paragraph each |
A structure that works for all five
- Introduction (2-3 sentences): rewrite the topic in your own words and state your answer or position.
- Body paragraph 1: one main idea, explained, with an example.
- Body paragraph 2: the second main idea (or the other view), explained, with an example.
- Conclusion (1-2 sentences): repeat your position in different words. No new ideas.
Four paragraphs of about 270-300 words are enough. A third body paragraph is fine if your ideas need it and you have time.
What lowers Task Response
- A position that changes between the introduction and the conclusion.
- Ignoring one part of a two-part or discussion question.
- Examples so general they could fit any topic ("This is important for everyone").
- Memorised introductions that don't mention the actual topic.
Plan before you write
Spend 5 of your 40 minutes planning: decide your position, write one line for each body paragraph's main idea and example, then start. Check your length with the word counter.